FCSC 3171 Introductory Textile Science
Dr. Bruce Cameron
Office: Ag 3008
Phone: 766-4219
Office Hours MW 8:30 - 10:00am
Objective: To gain an understanding of textile fibers; their growth or manufacture, processing, physical and chemical properties; and their use and care.
Text: Textile Science by Kathryn L. Hatch
1. Introduction
2. Cellulosic Fibers
3. Protein Fibers
4. Synthetic Fibers
5. Miscellaneous Synthetic Fibers
6. Mineral and Organic Fibers
| 1. Introduction |
| - what is a textile fiber |
| - essential properties of fibers |
| - desirable properties of fibers |
| - definition of staple and filament fibers |
| - durability |
| - comfort |
| - aesthetics |
| - health/safety/protection |
| - fiber properties and identification |
| 2. Cellulosic Fibers |
| (a) Seed Fibers |
| Cotton |
| - introduction |
| - cotton growing, morphological structure |
| - types of cotton, grading |
| - physical/mechanical properties |
| - shape and appearance, luster |
| - tenacity, elastic recovery and elongation |
| - resiliency |
| - density |
| - moisture regain |
| - dimensional stability |
| - chemical properties (acids, alkalis, organic solvents) |
| - resistance to microorganisms |
| - resistance to sunlight |
| - thermal properties |
| - uses |
| - care |
| Kapok |
| (b) Bast Fibers |
| - introduction |
| - hemi-cellulose, lignin, pectins |
| Flax (Linen) |
| - growing and harvesting, morphological structure |
| - retting, scutching |
| - physical and chemical properties |
| - moisture regain |
| - dimensional stability |
| - luster |
| - dyeability |
| - uses |
| - care |
| Ramie |
| - cultivation, decortication |
| - fiber structure |
| - physical and chemical properties |
| - luster |
| - resistance to sunlight and microorganisms |
| - uses |
| - care |
| Hemp |
| - cultivation |
| - uses |
| - care |
| Jute |
| - cultivation, retting |
| - properties |
| - uses |
| - care |
| (c) Leaf Fibers |
| Sisal |
| - cultivation |
| - properties |
| - uses |
| - care |
| Henequin |
| Abaca (Manila hemp) |
| Piņa |
| (d) Fruit Fibers |
| Coir |
| - production |
| - properties |
| - uses |
| (e) Regenerated Cellulosic Fibers |
| Rayon (Viscose Rayon) |
| - production |
| - properties |
| - density |
| - moisture regain |
| - dimensional stability |
| - resistance to light and heat |
| - biological resistance |
| - uses |
| - care |
| Cuprammonium Rayon |
| High Tenacity Rayon |
| - manufacture |
| - properties |
| Flame Resistant Rayon |
| High-Wet-Modulus Rayon |
| - manufacture |
| - properties |
| - uses |
| - care |
| Cellulose Acetate |
| - manufacture |
| - properties |
| - moisture regain |
| - luster |
| - density |
| - handle |
| - resistance to light and heat |
| - biological resistance |
| - uses |
| - care |
| Triacetate |
| - manufacture |
| - properties |
| - uses |
| - care |
| Comparison of rayon and acetate |
| - differences |
| - similarities |
| 3. Protein Fibers |
| (a) Insect Fibers |
| Silk |
| - introduction |
| - sericulture, silk reeling |
| - dupion silk |
| - wild silk (tussah, anaphe) |
| - spun silk |
| - physical and chemical properties |
| - sericin |
| - fibroin |
| - shape and appearance |
| - moisture regain |
| - scroop |
| - density |
| - weighting |
| - amino acids (amphoteric nature) |
| - uses |
| - care |
| Spider Silk |
| (b) Hair Fibers |
| Wool |
| - introduction |
| - breeds of sheep |
| - fine wool (characteristics of merino wool) |
| - medium wool's |
| - coarse wool's |
| - crossbred wool's |
| - wool production |
| - wool fleece components, morphological structure |
| - chemical composition (keratin) |
| - fineness |
| - luster |
| - tensile properties, elastic recovery and elongation |
| - resiliency |
| - crimp |
| - friction |
| - moisture regain |
| - chemical properties |
| - uses |
| - care |
| Mohair |
| - production |
| - U.S. mohair industry |
| - characteristics |
| - uses |
| - care |
| Cashmere |
| - production |
| - properties |
| - uses |
| Camel Hair |
| - production |
| - uses |
| Alpaca |
| Llama |
| Vicuna |
| Qivuit |
| Rabbit Hair (Angora) |
| (c) Regenerated Protein Fibers |
| - introduction |
| Casein Fibers |
| - production |
| - properties |
| - uses |
| 4. Synthetic Fibers |
| - introduction |
| - TFPIA (Textile Fiber Products Identification Act) |
| - fiber modifications |
| - shape and structure |
| - drawing |
| - chemical |
| - high tenacity fibers |
| - low pilling fibers |
| - low-elongation fibers |
| - additives to polymers |
| - delustering |
| - solution dyeing |
| - whiteners and brighteners |
| - cross-dyeable fibers |
| - antistatic fibers |
| - sunlight resistant fibers |
| - flame resistant fibers |
| - changes in spinning procedure |
| - third generation fibers |
| - bicomponent fibers |
| - extrusion of fibers |
| - polymerization (condensation, addition) |
| - wet, dry and melt spinning |
| Types of Synthetic Fibers |
| (a) Nylon (Polyamide) |
| - introduction |
| Nylon 6.6 |
| - production |
| - properties |
| - tensile, elasticity and resiliency |
| - density |
| - absorbency |
| - dimensional stability |
| - chemical resistance |
| - sunlight, microorganisms and insects |
| - uses |
| - care |
| Nylon 6 |
| - production |
| - properties |
| Types and kinds of nylon |
| - cross section |
| - dyeability |
| - texture |
| - others |
| Other important types of nylon |
| - nylon 7 |
| - nylon 11 |
| - nylon 6.10 |
| - nylon 4.6 |
| (b) Aramids (aromatic polyamides) |
| - introduction |
| Nomex |
| - production |
| - properties |
| - melting point |
| - density |
| - chemical resistance |
| - uses |
| Kevlar |
| - production |
| - properties |
| - moisture regain |
| - heat stability |
| - chemical resistance |
| - uses |
| - care of aramids |
| Nylon 6-T |
| (c) Polyester |
| - introduction |
| - polyethylene terephthalate |
| - polycyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate |
| Dacron |
| - production |
| - strength, elasticity and resiliency |
| - density |
| - absorbency |
| - dimensional stability |
| - chemical resistance |
| - biological and sunlight resistance |
| - flammability |
| - dyeability |
| - variants (cross section, dyeability, texture, shrinkage, other |
| - uses |
| - care |
| Kodel |
| - production |
| - tensile properties, elasticity, resiliency |
| - moisture regain |
| - density |
| - thermal properties |
| Modified Polyesters |
| - POY polyester |
| (d) Acrylics (polyacrylonitrile) |
| - introduction |
| Orlon |
| - production (addition polymerization) |
| - shape and appearance |
| - tensile properties, elasticity and resiliency |
| - absorbency |
| - dimensional stability |
| - chemical resistance |
| - thermal properties |
| - density |
| - sunlight and biological resistance |
| - uses |
| - care |
| Other types of acrylics |
| - acrilan (production, uses) |
| - creslan (production, uses) |
| - zefran (production, uses) |
| (e) Modacrylics |
| - introduction |
| Dynel |
| - production |
| - tensile properties |
| - moisture regain |
| - chemical resistance |
| - flammability |
| - uses |
| Verel |
| - production |
| - properties |
| - uses |
| SEF |
| - production |
| - shape and appearance |
| - tensile properties, elasticity and resiliency |
| - density |
| - dimensional stability |
| - absorbency |
| - chemical properties |
| - thermal properties |
| - uses |
| - care |
| (f) Olefins |
| - introduction |
| Polypropylene |
| - production |
| - tensile properties, elasticity and resiliency |
| - density |
| - absorbency |
| - dimensional stability |
| - chemical resistance |
| - effect of light and heat |
| - uses |
| - care |
| (g) Elastomeric Fibers |
| - introduction |
| - power stretch |
| - comfort stretch |
| Rubber |
| - properties |
| Spandex |
| - production |
| - properties |
| - uses |
| - care |
| 5. Miscellaneous Synthetic Fibers |
| Saran |
| - production |
| - appearance |
| - strength, elongation, elastic recovery |
| - density |
| - flammability |
| - chemical properties |
| - uses |
| - care |
| Vinyon |
| - production |
| - elongation |
| - moisture regain |
| - thermal properties |
| - chemical properties |
| - uses |
| - care |
| Vinal |
| - production, properties, uses, care |
| Teflon |
| - production, properties, uses |
| PBI |
| - production, properties, uses |
| Polyureas |
| - production, properties, uses |
| Polycarbonates |
| - production, properties, uses |
| Chameleon Fibers |
| - production, properties |
| Dexon |
| - properties, uses |
| Chinon |
| 6. Mineral and Organic Fibers |
| Glass Fibers |
| - introduction |
| - production |
| - coronizing |
| - strength and elongation |
| - density |
| - moisture regain |
| - resiliency |
| - chemical properties |
| - uses |
| - care |
| Metallic Fibers |
| - introduction |
| - production |
| - stainless steel fibers |
| - properties |
| - uses |
| Carbon Fibers |
| - production, properties, uses |
| Asbestos |
Grading
6 Quizs - 75%
Laboratories - 25%
93 - 100 A
80 - 92 B
65 - 79 C
50 - 64 D
below 50 F