1979 Iranian Revolution

Mohammed Reza Shah, 1941-1979

Freedom Movement, Bazargan, Bani-Sadr, Liberal, secular

Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, Viloyat-i Faqih, Islamist

Mujahidin-i Khalq (MKO), Islamic Leftist

Fedayeen-i Khalq, Leftist

1977 Human Rights issues

1978 protests--religious and secular

40 day mourning cycle, demonstrations

January 1979, Shah exiled, Khomeini returned

1979-81 uncertainty: secularists, Marxists, and Islamists in government

Revolutionary Guards

Tribunals

Majlis

Council of Guardians

November 1979-January 1981 Hostage crisis

Late 1980, Iraq invaded; Gulf War/ Iran-Iraq War 1980-1988

Islamization of law and society

War:

Ideological competition: Secular, Arab, Baathist Iraq vs. Islamist, Shia, Persian Iran

Practical issues: Navigation rights, borders, Kurds