1967 War

1964 Formation of PLO; Palestinian National Congress Charter or Covenant

Militant groups: PLFP, Fatah, attacks from Syria and West Bank on Israel.  Retaliation.

Contest:  Syria's Baath gov't vs. Nasser

Spring 1967 militant rhetoric on all sides

May 13 Soviet false intelligence--Israeli military buildup on Syrian border

May 16 Egypt asks UN to depart from Sinai, takes up defensive positions

May 23 Egypt closes Straights of Tiran

May 31 Mutual defense agreement, Nasser (Egypt) and Hussein (Jordan)

June 1 Israeli cabinet reshuffle, bringing back experienced generals to lead defense

June 5 Israel attacks Egypt, destroys airforce airplanes

Six Day War

Results:

Israel seized Sinai (from Egypt), Gaza (from Egypt), West Bank and Jerusalem (from Jordan), Golan Heights (from Syria)

"Occupied Territories"

UN Resolution 242--accepted by Egypt, Jordan, and Israel, rejected by Palestinians

1970 Black September, death of Nasser

Anwar Sadat, President of Egypt 1970-1981

Israeli divisions: maximalism vs. land for peace

1973 October/ Yom Kippur War:

October 6, Egypt and Syria attacked Israel

October 10 US airlift of military supplies to Israel

October 24, end of fighting, Israel reoccupied Sinai, crossed Suez, reoccupied Golan, threatened Damascus

Oil Embargo, OPEC

1974-1979 Negotiations between Egypt and Israel, UN buffer zones

1977 Likud government of Israel, President Menachem Begin

1977 Sadat visted Jerusalem

1978-1979 Camp David Accord (Carter, Begin, Sadat)

results: Israeli withdrawal from Sinai

1981 "Jihad" group assassinated Sadat